Will the Schengen visa consulate call my work place to verify if I have taken a leave for my intended vacation?

You will apply for a Schengen visa and want to know what further checks will be made after a decision is reached.

Documentation and eligibility checks are made during the assessment stage. The issuer stops making checks once a decision has been made and will not initiate further checks

The possibility remains open however that they may attempt to contact you after a decision is made...

• An auditor discovered a clerical error on your application like the wrong kind of visa was issued, or the dates were transcribed incorrectly.
• The reverse. An auditor determined that you were refused and should not have been and so they need your passport again to put a visa in it.
• One of the national authorities wants to take prejudicial action against your visa, like an arrest warrant was issued in your name and the consulate wants to revoke your visa.

For these types of situations the data protection rules are engaged so they would only try to contact you directly and speak with you directly. They would not contact your employer unless you gave their details as your own contact details.

Also note that the consulate is not the only pathway that information can reach your employer regarding your whereabouts.

Finally, as others have pointed out in comments, you need to disclose any secondary agendas before people can come forward with substantive information.