Can we do online application for US Global Entry while physically not present in USA?

I want to apply for my parents in Global Entry Program. I checked the procedure for Indian Citizen, first 2 points are as below:

1. Apply Online with CBP: Complete a TTP online application and pay the $100 non-refundable application fee.
2. After completion of step ‘1’ applicants need to submit the requisite information, along with the applicable fee of ₹500, in the Passport Seva Portal, www.passportindia.gov.in for their background check in India. In addition to this, all Indian applicants must schedule an in-person interview at the respective Passport Seva Kendra/Passport Seva Laghu Kendra (PSK/PSLK) office as per their residential jurisdiction in India (as per the address furnished online). During the interview, Indian citizens will have their fingerprints and photo captured and complete other formalities. A visit to the PSK/PSLK is based on prior appointment only.

This means, if they apply while they are in USA, they can't get an interview scheduled before in-person interview at the respective Passport Seva Kendra/Passport Seva Laghu Kendra (PSK/PSLK).

They are traveling next month. I am thinking of doing the online application now, then get the GES/GOES Application ID. Once I have Application ID, I can apply for the background check in India. I can't apply for the background check in India without an Application ID. It's compulsory to apply for background check with PSK/PSLK.

They can finish the background check while they are in India, and can schedule the interview when they come next month.

My questions are:

1. Can they apply for Global Entry while physically not available in USA ?
2. Do I get GES/GOES Application ID when I pay the $100 application fee or do I have to wait for approval? Approval takes 4-6 weeks as per answers in How long does it take for a Global Entry application to be approved?