Bringing Indian Pulses to the US?

I advise against bringing in pulses from home.

Air luggage restrictions
First of all, you can not bring enough for a whole year without going over the luggage limits and that is besides whatever else you need. You claim to have the space and weight, but you will find that a years worth of pulses will take more than one suitcase. Bringing just as much as you can fit into your case without going overweight will not last you a year if you eat them regularly.

Maybe yes, but not much
While some foodstuffs can be brought in, there are a lot of restrictions, specially on food that can be used to grow plants, as is the case of many pulses even when packaged for food use. You would have to declare to the customs officers and they might not allow the pulses in, not declaring them and having them found on inspection will result in fines.
Mostly there are restrictions which allow some 'personal use' items, but a years amount of a basic food will be well beyond what they expect for personal use.
Declaring food on entry into the USA will slow you down some at least, it may result in all your luggage to be checked in detail, slowing you a lot.

Availability
There are a lot of pulses which are common food in the USA, available at all supermarkets and if you want ones that are not as common in the area you will live, you can have them delivered from online shops, including the more common ones that sell about everything, but there will be 'Indian food' online shops as well.

Local experiences
Last of all, part of the joys of studying abroad is learning to know the local cuisine, and while you do not need to eat everything that is common where you live, you should at least be open to some of the more common alternatives to what you are used to at home.

In short:
In your case I would at most pack pulses for a single week, to get you started when you arrive and you will still have to declare those at customs on arriving in the USA, and buy locally for the rest of your stay. Personal imports will not be cheaper if you need to pay overweight luggage and you do run a big risk in the food not being allowed in, having it seized at the airport.