What exactly is a "No Objection Certificate" (NOC)?

In researching a potential trip in Pakistan on Wikivoyage I came across this term which is not well explained:
The visitor should be aware of the ever changing rules regarding sensitive areas and No Objection Certificates (NOCs), Note Verbals and other permissions and paperwork some in officialdom deem necessary for your to travel around the country. The most notorious NOC regulation is for foreigners to enter Kashmir, with the intention being so the security services can keep track (i.e. follow) foreigners to make sure they don't visit places they shouldn't. Outside Kashmir diplomats are the primary user of NOCs and theoretically the normal tourist should be exempt. However those in officialdom can view all foreigners with suspicion and demand an NOC when you step of a plane or out of a bus. NOCs need to be applied for through the Ministry of Interior, however if you are traveling on a non-diplomatic passport you should be fine - but its good to be aware of this nonetheless.
There is a Wikipedia article but it is very brief and not very well worded:
No Objection Certificate or popularly abbreviated as NOC is a type of legal certificate issued by any agency, organization, institute or in certain cases, an individual, that does not object to the covenants of the certificate. This certification is a requirement at most of the government-based departments predominantly from the Indian subcontinent..
Can somebody explain better than these sources what an NOC actually is? Is it a kind of permit?
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What is the meaning of No Objection Certificate?
A NOC or a No Objection Certificate is an essential legal document issued by an organization, agency or even by individuals stating no objection to the covenants mentioned in the certificate. This document serves many purposes including immigration, general litigation and even employment.What does no objection mean?
If you say that you have no objection to something, you mean that you are not annoyed or bothered by it. I have no objection to banks making money. More Synonyms of objection.What is the use of no objection letter?
Why do you need No Objection Letter? Obtaining an NOC means you have a legal consent from Government of Nepal to study in foreign countries and can make a payment to the intended institutions abroad. Students must submit NOC to bank while making any payment to the institution mentioned in NOC.How do you write a no objection NOC?
A simple NOC contains the following elements:NOC | What is No Objection Certificate? | Who Can Issue NOC | Uses of NOC | Legal Document
Sources: Stack Exchange - This article follows the attribution requirements of Stack Exchange and is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.
Images: Anna Tarazevich, RODNAE Productions, Brett Sayles, Brett Sayles