UK visa refusal due to misinterpretation [duplicate]

I had two UK standard visit visa refusals in this month of June (I am a researcher with one year renewable contract visiting a university in London as part of an assignment from my university). The first refusal was due to some miss interpretations of the invitation letter by the Entry clearance officer (the letter was generic and issued to all the visiting researchers of that university). The second refusal was due to a big misinterpretation of my banking statement (I had some reversal entries (refunds on my debit card) and some small cash deposits in the previous 6 months) The officer didn't check the transaction and cash withdrawals prior to these incoming funds in question (the reversal entries and the small cash deposits) and judged that these funds are most-likely not reflecting my financial situation.

The other reason is that I requested a Business visit visa, and I had no business travel history in my passport (fresh passport).

If I can get a Schengen visa, would that help me with my future UK visa applications ?

Another question: In my second UK visa application, the officer sad that I requested 45 days, but I only requested 4 days, Is there any channel or a way to get clarifications ?

How long is the recommended cooling off period in this type of situation. I need to go to the UK in the next year for two weeks to take part of a scientific training in this university ?.

The second refusal letter