Shipping my car from Europe to Canada or the U.S

Unless the car is over 25 years old, it's very difficult to import a car into the US. Check out this article for some details:

Importing Rare Cars into the US

If it's newer, it has to meet Department of Transportation and EPA guidelines. California used to charge a $300 "smog" fee for a car brought in from another state, unless it had a special "California" sticker. You will also have register and get insurance for the car. You may be better off buying a car in the US and then selling it when you leave--like the Top Gear guys did in this episode:

Top Gear USA Road Trip

Here's the official word from Customs and Border Patrol:

Importing a Motor Vehicle

Ah-ha, there is this exception:

Nonresidents may import a vehicle duty-free for personal use up to (1) one year if the vehicle is imported in conjunction with the owner’s arrival. Vehicles imported under this provision that do not conform to U.S. safety and emission standards must be exported within one year and may not be sold in the U.S. There is no exemption or extension of the export requirements.

I actually tried to go form Canada to Panama earlier this year, with a friend in a campervan.

I agree with mkennedy - importing a car is way more expensive and quite a hassle. It would be much easier to buy a car in the States. One word of advice: do not buy a used car in any of the "wet or cold" states like Alaska, Canada, Oregon or any other northern states in the US. From my experience the heavy snow, salt and stone chips on the roads in Canada cause heavy corrosion, that means some cars are already junk after less than 10 years. If you can, purchase your motor vehicle somewhere in Arizona, New Mexico or Nevada.

When I tried to cross Mexico we got some issues because we didn't not have all the required papers (insurance, proof of ownership; something with an "official Canadian stamp" on it) for the boat on the trailer - so we got stuck there until the papers had been organized back in Canada and emailed to us, which took quite a while.

Taking your car from America to Europe or vice versa is not really a problem. Temporary importation is based on the UN's 1968 Convention on Road Traffic, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vienna_Convention_on_Road_Traffic . Even if the US and Canada haven't signed it (let alone ratified), they seem to play by its rules, which means that drivers from these countries can expect to be treated likewise in Europe.

Another interesting issue in this relation is the carnet de passage, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnet_de_Passages , especially the global map there. Although this formality seems on its way out, it is still surprising to see in what embarassing state of self-caused isolation Australia and New Zealand are...

Back to the Americas. There seems to be some movement around the Darien Gap, like colombian suggestions to finally close it, or the establishment of a ferry service between Panama and Colombia. Best is to drive to Panama City and then find out locally if the ferry runs and at what times? If it doesn't, take the weekly freighter, or a daily cargo plane to Bogota.

My experience is not quite recent so no rates given. But it should be affordable.

The "gotchas" are mainly centered around import costs. The price of shipping won't be cheap, but will be determined by a couple different factors: distance, type of vehicle, time of year, company, etc. The other main thing to look out for are import taxes. They can vary quite a bit between countries and significantly affect the overall cost.

I've worked with A1 Auto in the past between Canada & the US and they had a good handle on the international laws and taxes. They operate worldwide so they might be a good place to start. I would definitely advise getting in touch with a few companies to find out an "average" price and to see how well-versed they are at shipping between countries.