Overstayed in Turkey

You can go straight to Canada from Turkey.

Note though that the Turkish authorities at exit can harass you at exit, however more importantly the immigration officer at your entry point into Canada can refuse you entry if upon your landing interview he finds you are not trustworthy because you overstayed in Turkey for such a long time without good reason and hence inadmissible for that or other reasons typically related to fraud. Basically you are an illegal immigrant in Turkey thus you have a poor immigration history. A competent immigration officer at the airport will refuse you entry barring some strong extenuating evidence.

You are particularly at risk because Canadian visas show where the visa was issued. If it indicates it was issued in your home country or somewhere outside Turkey, the immigration officer will be inclined to dig for more information like was the visa properly issued. It would be best if you went back to your home country and then on to Canada a little later. In that case the likelihood of questions about your illegal stay in Turkey during your entry point into Canada would be much lower.