Hypothetical roaming scenarios

As I understand it, roaming is the part of a phone connection which uses the infrastructure of a non-domestic network (is that correct?). Lets say my mobile carrier is German, and I have a tariff with unlimited domestic calls. We also assume the newly abolished roaming charges. Are my interpretations in the following scenarios correct?

I call a French number located outside of Germany from Germany. In this case I pay whatever the price my operator puts on international calls to France, as long as it's located within the EU(or do I pay different charges depending on his location?). If he were lets say in India, I'd pay for a call to India (or would I pay for a call to France and he would pay the rest? I'm not sure.).
I call a French number located within Germany from Germany. I still pay for a call to France since the connection first goes to his operator in France, who then serves him with my call.
I call the same French number located anywhere within the EU, from within the EU but outside of Germany. Now I don't pay anything since all calls from outside your EU home-country to another EU country are considered roaming (which paradoxically makes my telephony cheaper outside then within Germany. What is the logic behind this?).
I call a German number located outside of Germany, but within the EU, from Germany. I don't pay anything since my operator is serving me all the way, in contrast to 1. (Before the new regulation I would pay for using non-domestic infrastructure).

communication roaming

Best Answer

As you aren't expected to know where everybody that you have a telephone number for are, it would be quite unfair if the price for calling people depended on where they actually are. So you always pay for calling the country their number belongs to, if they are actually somewhere else, they might (this case is also affected by the new EU roaming rules, I guess that having to pay was the most common scenario, but technically their operator has always decided) be charged for receiving your call. That should clear up your first points.

You have misunderstood what "free EU roaming" is about. It just means that you don't pay extra for using your phone in another EU country, you still pay what you would pay at home, i.e. it doesn't matter whether you're in Germany or France when you call someone.