Do F-1 students need a visa to visit Paris and Amsterdam during layovers? [duplicate]

I am an Indian citizen with F-1 status travelling from the U.S. to India. I am going to have a layover of 12 hours in Paris while on my way to India and another layover of 6 hours in Amsterdam while returning from India. Do I need any visas for sightseeing Paris and Amsterdam during the respective layovers?

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Do F-1 students need a visa to visit Paris and Amsterdam during layovers? [duplicate] - Anonymous ethnic tourists walking along street on foggy rainy day in Paris

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Does layover in Paris require visa?

If you have a connection between two airports in the Schengen Area, or if the airport through which you wish to enter the French territory is closed overnight for the duration of the transit, you must hold a valid short-stay Schengen visa.

Do I need a visa for Amsterdam layover?

If you are travelling to another Schengen country via the Netherlands, you will need a short-stay Schengen visa. Airport transit visas are not valid for this purpose.

Do I need a visa from Amsterdam to Paris?

Do I Need a Visa to Travel to Paris? Even though you are crossing an international border, France and the Netherlands are both in the Schengen Area which allows for visa-free travel between countries.

Do I need visa for connecting flight in Netherlands?

If you are transiting through 2 different Schengen airports for onward travel to a country outside Schengen and the first transit airport is in the Netherlands, you need to apply for a short-stay Schengen visa. Airport transit visas are not valid for this purpose.

THE SCHENGEN ZONE TRAVEL EXPLAINED - DIGITAL NOMAD TV

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